📓 Fundamental Rights of the Indian Constitution

The Fundamental Rights of the Indian Constitution are enshrined in Part III (Articles 12-35) and are guaranteed to all citizens of India. Here are the six fundamental rights:

Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

1. Equality before the law: All citizens are equal before the law (Article 14).

2. Prohibition of discrimination: No citizen shall be discriminated against on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth (Article 15).

3. Equality of opportunity: All citizens have equal opportunities in matters of public employment (Article 16).

4. Abolition of Untouchability: The practice of untouchability is abolished and its practice is forbidden (Article 17).

5. Abolition of Titles: No title, not being a military or academic distinction, shall be conferred by the State (Article 18).

Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

1. Freedom of speech and expression: All citizens have the right to freedom of speech and expression (Article 19(1)(a)).

2. Freedom of assembly: All citizens have the right to assemble peacefully and without arms (Article 19(1)(b)).

3. Freedom of association: All citizens have the right to form associations or unions (Article 19(1)(c)).

4. Freedom of movement: All citizens have the right to move freely throughout the territory of India (Article 19(1)(d)).

5. Freedom of residence: All citizens have the right to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India (Article 19(1)(e)).

6. Protection of life and personal liberty: No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law (Article 21).

Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)

1. Prohibition of traffic in human beings: Traffic in human beings and begar and other similar forms of forced labor are prohibited (Article 23).

2. Prohibition of employment of children: No child below the age of 14 years shall be employed to work in any factory or mine or engaged in any hazardous employment (Article 24).

Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)

1. Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion: All persons are equally entitled to freedom of conscience and the right to freely profess, practice and propagate religion (Article 25).

2. Freedom to manage religious affairs: Every religious denomination or any section thereof shall have the right to manage its religious affairs (Article 26).

3. Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion: No person shall be compelled to pay any taxes, the proceeds of which are specifically appropriated in payment of expenses for the promotion or maintenance of any particular religion or religious denomination (Article 27).

4. Freedom from attending religious instruction: No person attending any educational institution recognized by the State or receiving aid out of State Funds shall be required to attend any religious instruction or worship in that institution without his consent or that of his guardian (Article 28).

Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)

1. Protection of interests of minorities: Any section of the citizens residing in the territory of India or any part thereof having a distinct language, script or culture of its own shall have the right to conserve the same (Article 29).

2. Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions: All minorities, whether based on religion or language, shall have the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice (Article 30).

Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)

1. Right to move the Supreme Court: The right to move the Supreme Court by appropriate proceedings for the enforcement of the rights conferred by this Part is guaranteed (Article 32).

These fundamental rights are essential for the protection of individual liberties and the promotion of social justice in India.