Glossary of science terms for Class 10:
Physics
1. Acceleration: Rate of change of velocity.
2. Air Resistance: Opposition to motion through the air.
3. Buoyancy: Upward force exerted by a fluid on an object.
4. Density: Mass per unit volume of a substance.
5. Energy: Ability to do work.
6. Force: Push or pull that causes an object to change its motion.
7. Friction: Opposition to motion between two surfaces.
8. Gravity: Attractive force between two objects.
9. Kinetic Energy: Energy of motion.
10. Momentum: Product of mass and velocity.
11. Potential Energy: Energy stored in an object.
12. Pressure: Force per unit area.
13. Reflection: Change in direction of light at a surface.
14. Refraction: Bending of light as it passes through a medium.
15. Speed: Distance traveled per unit time.
16. Velocity: Speed in a specific direction.
17. Work: Transfer of energy from one object to another.
Chemistry
1. Acid: Substance that donates a proton (H+ ion).
2. Alkali: Substance that accepts a proton (H+ ion).
3. Atom: Smallest unit of a chemical element.
4. Base: Substance that accepts a proton (H+ ion).
5. Chemical Bond: Attractive force between atoms.
6. Chemical Reaction: Process in which atoms or molecules interact.
7. Element: Substance consisting of only one type of atom.
8. Ion: Atom or molecule with an electric charge.
9. Mixture: Combination of two or more substances.
10. Mole: Unit of measurement for the amount of a substance.
11. Molecule: Group of atoms bonded together.
12. Neutralization: Reaction between an acid and a base.
13. Oxidation: Loss of electrons by an atom or molecule.
14. pH: Measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
15. Redox Reaction: Reaction involving the transfer of electrons.
16. Salt: Compound formed from the reaction of an acid and a base.
17. Solution: Homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
Biology
1. Adaptation: Process by which organisms become better suited to their environment.
2. Biodiversity: Variety of different species in an ecosystem.
3. Cell: Basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.
4. Chromosome: Thread-like structure that carries genetic information.
5. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid): Molecule that contains genetic instructions.
6. Ecosystem: Community of living and non-living things in an environment.
7. Evolution: Process by which species change over time.
8. Gene: Unit of heredity that carries information from one generation to the next.
9. Genotype: Genetic makeup of an organism.
10. Habitat: Natural environment in which an organism lives.
11. Hereditary: Traits passed from parents to offspring.
12. Metabolism: Process by which organisms convert energy and nutrients.
13. Nutrition: Process by which organisms obtain and utilize nutrients.
14. Photosynthesis: Process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy.
15. Respiration: Process by which organisms convert glucose into energy.
16. Species: Group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
17. Tissue: Group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function.
